[1] Lu SM (2018) A global review of enhanced geothermal system (EGS). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 2902-2921
[2] Edenhofer O, Pichs-Madruga R, Sokona Y, Seyboth K, Kadner S, Zwickel T, Matschoss P (Eds.) (2011) Renewable energy sources and climate change mitigation: Special report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press
[3] Lund JW, Bjelm L, Bloomquist G, Mortensen AK (2008) Characteristics, development and utilization of geothermal resources–a Nordic perspective. Episodes Journal of International Geoscience, 31(1): 140-147
[4] Dudley, B (2018) BP statistical review of world energy 2018. Energy economic, Centre for energy economics research and policy. British Petroleum, Available via https://www. bp. com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy/electricity. html, 5
[5] Clark JB (1949) A hydraulic process for increasing the productivity of wells. J Pet Technol 1(01) :1-8
[6] Suchy, D. R., & Newell, K. D. (2011). Hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells in Kansas. Kansas Geological Survey.
[7] Sherratt J, Haddad AS, Wejzerowski F, Rafati R (2021) Optimising well orientation in hydraulic fracturing of naturally fractured shale gas formations. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 94:104141
[8] Chen B, Xiang J, Latham JP, Bakker RR (2020) Grain-scale failure mechanism of porous sandstone: an experimental and numerical FDEM study of the Brazilian Tensile Strength test using CT-Scan microstructure. Int J Roc Mech Min Sci 132:104348
[9] Cheng Y, Lu Y, Ge Z, Cheng L, Zheng J, Zhang W (2018) Experimental study on crack propagation control and mechanism analysis of directional hydraulic fracturing. Fuel 218:316-324
[10] Li D, Wang E, Li Z, Ju Y, Wang D, Wang X (2021) Experimental investigations of pressure stimulated currents from stressed sandstone used as precursors to rock fracture. Int J Roc Mech Min Sci 145:104841
[11] Dehghan AN (2020) An experimental investigation into the influence of pre-existing natural fracture on the behavior and length of propagating hydraulic fracture. Eng Frac Mech 240:107330
[12] Sarmadivaleh M, Rasouli V (2014) Modified Reinshaw and Pollard criteria for a non-orthogonal cohesive natural interface intersected by an induced fracture. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47(6) :2107-2115
[13] Cheng W, Jin Y, Chen M (2015) Experimental study of step-displacement hydraulic fracturing on naturally fractured shale outcrops. J Geophys Eng 12(4) :714-723
[14] Yin T, Li X, Cao W, Xia K (2015) Effects of thermal treatment on tensile strength of Laurentian granite using Brazilian test. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48(6) :2213-2223
[15] Chaki S, Takarli M, Agbodjan WP (2008) Influence of thermal damage on physical properties of a granite rock: porosity permeability and ultrasonic wave evolutions, Constr Build Mater 22(7):1456-1461
[16] Salimzadeh S, Paluszny A, Zimmerman RW (2016) Thermal effects during hydraulic fracturing in low-permeability brittle rocks. In 50th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, OnePetro
[17] Potyondy DO, Cundall PA (2004) A bonded-particle model for rock. Int J Roc Mech Min Sci 41(8) :1329-1364
[18] Munjiza AA (2004) The combined finite-discrete element method. John Wiley Sons
[19] Yang L, Wu S, Gao K, Shen L (2022) Simultaneous propagation of hydraulic fractures from multiple perforation clusters in layered tight reservoirs: Non-planar three-dimensional modelling. Energy 124483
[20] [20] Sharafisafa, M., Aliabadian, Z., Sato, A. et al. Coupled Thermo-hydro-mechanical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing in Deep Reservoirs Using Finite-Discrete Element Method. Rock Mech Rock Eng 56, 5039–5075 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-023-03325-z