نشریه علمی-پژوهشی مکانیک سنگ

نشریه علمی-پژوهشی مکانیک سنگ

مدل‌سازی عددی پایداری محل تقاطع تونل شیب‌دار و تونل دسترسی معدن زغال‌سنگ طبس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
به دلیل پیچیدگی طرح شبکه تونل‌ها در معادن زیرزمینی، این معادن معمولاً دارای تقاطع‌های متعددی هستند که پایداری آنها اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش، پایداری یکی از تقاطع‌های دوشاخه معدن زغال‌سنگ طبس، بررسی شده است. در این راستا، با استفاده از روش عددی تفاضل محدود در محیط نرم‌افزار FLAC3D، جابه‌جایی‌ها در محل تقاطع دوشاخه بررسی شدند. سیستم نگهداری تونل شیب‌دار به صورت پیچ‌سنگ‌های تمام تزریقی با آرایش شعاعی به طول 2.4 متر و قاب‌های فولادی کشویی با فاصله‌داری 600 میلی‌متر تعریف شده است. سیستم نگهداری تونل دسترسی و مقطع ذوزنقه-شکل محل تقاطع نیز از پیچ‌سنگ‌های 3 و 2.7 متری به ترتیب در سقف و دیواره و همینطور قاب‌های فولادی متشکل از تیرهای IPB260 و IPB320 استفاده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می‌دهد که بیشینه جابه‌جایی عمودی سقف تونل شیبدار قبل از حفاری تونل دسترسی 29.3 سانتی‌متر است، ولی پس از حفاری تونل دسترسی به 35.4 سانتی‌متر افزایش می‌یابد. جابه‌جایی عمودی حاصل از حفاری تقاطع، در تونل شیب‌دار عمدتاً در سمت پایه سنگی سمت زاویه بسته رخ می‌دهد. همچنین با افزایش فاصله از محل تقاطع، جابه‌جایی‌ها کاهش می‌یابد؛ به طوری‌که نرخ کاهش جابه‌جایی در تونل شیب‌دار سمت زاویه باز بیشتر از سمت زاویه بسته است.
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