With the advancement of technology in various fields, tunneling technology was no exception and major developments took place in it. Although traditional methods are still occasionally used, the use of new, highly efficient and economical machines has led to the spread of new methods. Choosing the right tunnel excavation method is a complex decision that requires consideration of many technical, economic and environmental factors. For a tunnel, more than one practical method is usually proposed for excavation, and choosing the most appropriate method with the least problems and the best efficiency is a great challenge. Although engineering experience and judgment are still the main factors in choosing excavation methods, for a more detailed analysis of the available data in choosing the appropriate excavation method, the intangible differences in the characteristics of each region and the large investment in large construction projects require scientific and systematic research. In this study, modern tunnel construction methods were investigated using statistical methods with the aim of a case study of selecting the optimal method for constructing the Zarrin Ardakan-Yazd railway tunnel. The results showed that the best method for excavating this tunnel, according to experts and experienced people, is the Austrian and Roedheder multi-stage method.