The uniaxial compressive strength of rocks is of great importance, including in the design of surface and subsurface structures and the design of rock tunnels. Also, one of the most important mechanical characteristics of concrete is its compressive strength. There are many tests for measuring the strength of rocks and concretes, which are either destructive methods or the equipment used in them is very expensive. Therefore, the need for a method that can be used to measure the uniaxial strength of rocks and concretes without destroying the sample, in any temperature and humidity conditions, and in any location, simply and at the lowest cost is of great importance. In this article, a new method called "friction transfer" is used, by using which the uniaxial compressive strength can be measured in situ and without much damage to the test site with high accuracy and speed. By using the above test, there is no need to remove the sample and transport it to the laboratory. The materials used include 7 different types of rocks and 8 types of concrete with different strength classes. According to the results obtained, a linear relationship y=0.62x has been obtained between the uniaxial compressive strength of rocks and the results of the friction transfer test. Given the correlation coefficient of 91 percent, the uniaxial compressive strength of rocks can be measured in situ and even on difficult routes by using the friction transfer test.